PEG

Twice in 2009, ValueExpectations.com highlighted “Fidelity’s Low Priced Stock Fund”, an investment strategy that has been employed since 1989 by fund manager Joel Tillinghast. The theory behind this “low-price” strategy is that stocks within the small cap space tend to experience the most frequent mis-pricings and have the least amount of analyst coverage. Mr. Tillinghast created this strategy to take advantage of the numerous inefficiencies in small caps. They started out as a strategy to invest in stocks trading below $10; that limit has since been raised to $35 to widen the pool of investable stocks. Since the prior 2 stock lists that we previously provided have outperformed, we will once again provide our readers a list of 30 attractive stocks under $35.

The Applied Finance Group (AFG) has a disciplined approach for identifying companies that are expected to outperform and underperform the market by using proprietary metrics and measurements that have been tested and proven through time. Because AFG’s research is fundamentally derived, AFG’s quantitative analysis spans across growth and value stocks, all sectors, industries, and market caps with over 20,000 covered securities globally.

When searching for Large-Cap ideas, AFG’s Buy/Sell list is a good starting place as it has proven to create a significant spread in performance between companies that come up on AFG’s buy list and those on the sell list. Further focusing on companies based on AFG’s proprietary screening criteria (Economic Margin, valuation, quality of earnings, and management’s ability to create shareholder wealth) will save investors time in their research process. The result is a target group of stocks that can help you outperform as well as identify potential torpedoes to avoid in your portfolios.

Below is a list of attractive companies in the S&P 500 from each major AFG sector (excluding financials). It serves as a focus list of companies for investors to begin with as they meet AFG’s criteria to be an attractive opportunity. They are more likely to outperform their sector peers and the S&P 500, the benchmark that AFG’s clients most often compare themselves with.

Investment Rank within Sector Ticker Name Sector  Opportunity Valuation Signal EM Change Signal  Attractive Large Caps - S&P 500 (NYSE:FCX) FREEPORT-MCMORAN C & G Basic Material Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:BMS)  BEMIS CO INC Basic Material Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:WAT)  WATERS CORP Capital Goods Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:DO) DIAMOND OFFSHRE DRILLING Capital Goods Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:OI) OWENS ILLINOIS INC Consumer Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:WHR) WHIRLPOOL CORP Consumer Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:LO)  LORILLARD INC Consumer Non Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:CL)  COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO Consumer Non Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:KSS) KOHL'S CORP Consumer Services Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:WAG)  WALGREEN CO Consumer Services Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:NEM) NEWMONT MINING CORP Energy and Extraction Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:MUR)  MURPHY OIL CORP Energy and Extraction Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:PFE) PFIZER INC Health Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:WPI) WATSON PHARMACEUTICALS Health Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:VZ) VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS Technology Attractive Attractive Positive (NASDAQ:ORCL)  ORACLE CORP Technology Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:UNP)  UNION PACIFIC CORP Transportation Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:BNI)  BURLINGTON NTH SANTA FE Transportation Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:PEG) PUBLIC SVC ENTPRS GROUP Utilities Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:AEP)  AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER Utilities Attractive Attractive Positive

Source: EconomicMargin.com

AFG's Valuation Metric – Measures the percent to target (deviation between a stock’s current trading price and its AFG current default target price). To derive the intrinsic value of a firm, AFG uses its proprietary Valuation Model (modified discounted cash flow model).

Economic Margin - A corporate performance measurement that addresses the gaps in GAAP, eliminating distortions caused by accounting policies to measure what a company is truly earning above or below their cost of capital.

Management Quality – Assesses management’s ability to make wealth creating decisions.

+View our List of Value Expectations Recommended Articles

AFG Recommendation Performance
9/1998 – 5/2009
Annualized Returns

Source: AFGView client databases from 9/1998 – 5/2009
Universe size: 4,000 to 5,500 firms

The Applied Finance Group (AFG) has a disciplined approach for identifying companies that are expected to outperform and underperform the market by using proprietary metrics and measurements that have been tested and proven through time. Because AFG’s research is fundamentally derived, AFG’s quantitative analysis spans across growth and value stocks, all sectors, industries, and market caps with over 20,000 covered securities globally. Using AFG’s proprietary criteria, AFG publishes a monthly buy/sell list to provide clients with a refined focused list as a starting point for potential investments. AFG clients can then use Value Expectations to further analyze the expectations embedded in a security’s price and to build out their own model to refine an intrinsic value of a company based on their own expectations.

When searching for Large-Cap ideas, AFG’s Buy/Sell list is a good starting place as it has proven to create a significant spread in performance between companies that come up on AFG’s buy list and those on the sell list. Further focusing on companies based on AFG’s proprietary screening criteria (Economic Margin, valuation, quality of earnings, and management’s ability to create shareholder wealth) will save investors time in their research process.  The result is a target group of stocks that can help you outperform as well as identify potential torpedoes to avoid in your portfolios.

Below is a list of attractive and unattractive companies in the S&P 500 from each major sector (as defined by AFG).  It serves as a focus list of companies for investors to begin with as they meet AFG’s criteria.  They are more likely to outperform their sector peers and the S&P 500, the benchmark that AFG’s clients most often compare themselves with.

AFG Investment Opportunity Rank within Sector Ticker Name Sector Valuation Signal EM Change Signal Attractive S&P 500 companies from each AFG Sector (NYSE: ARG) AIRGAS INC Basic Material Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: SEE) SEALED AIR CORP Basic Material Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: WAT) WATERS CORP Capital Goods Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: DO) DIAMOND OFFSHRE DRILLING Capital Goods Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: HAS) HASBRO INC Consumer Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: CL) COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO Consumer Non Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: TAP) MOLSON COORS BREWING CLB Consumer Non Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: MCD) MCDONALD'S CORP Consumer Services Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: MCD) CVS CAREMARK CORP Consumer Services Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE: NEM) NEWMONT MINING CORP Energy and Extraction Attractive Attractive Positive (NASDAQ:CEPH)  CEPHALON INC Health Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:TMO)  THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC Health Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:S)  SPRINT NEXTEL CORP Technology Attractive Attractive Positive (NASDAQ:SYMC)  SYMANTEC CORP Technology Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:PEG)  PUBLIC SVC ENTPRS GROUP Utilities Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:D) DOMINION RESOURCES VA Utilities Attractive Attractive Positive Unattractive S&P 500 companies from each AFG Sector (NYSE:PH) PARKER HANNIFIN CORP Basic Material Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:X) UNITED STATES STEEL CORP Basic Material Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:ETN)  EATON CORP Capital Goods Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:SWK)  STANLEY WORKS THE Capital Goods Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:IGT) INTERNAT GAME TECHNOLOGY Consumer Durable Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:FO) FORTUNE BRANDS INC Consumer Durable Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:RL)  POLO RALPH LAUREN CORP Consumer Non Durable Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:TSN)  TYSON FOODS INC Consumer Non Durable Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:MAR)  MARRIOTT INTERNAT INC A Consumer Services Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:MWW)  MONSTER WORLDWIDE INC Consumer Services Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:BTU) PEABODY ENERGY CORP Energy and Extraction Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:EOG)  EOG RESOURCES INC Energy and Extraction Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NASDAQ:SIAL) SIGMA-ALDRICH CORP Health Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NASDAQ:ISRG)  INTUITIVE SURGICAL INC Health Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:MU)  MICRON TECHNOLOGY INC Technology Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NASDAQ:CIEN)  CIENA CORP Technology Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:EQT)  EQT CORP Utilities Unattractive Unattractive Negative (NYSE:NU)  NORTHEAST UTILITIES Utilities Unattractive Unattractive Negative

Source: EconomicMargin.com

AFG's Valuation Metric – Measures the percent to target (deviation between a stock’s current trading price and its AFG current default target price). To derive the intrinsic value of a firm, AFG uses its proprietary Valuation Model (modified discounted cash flow model).

Economic Margin - A corporate performance measurement that addresses the gaps in GAAP, eliminating distortions caused by accounting policies to measure what a company is truly earning above or below their cost of capital.

Management Quality – Assesses management’s ability to make wealth creating decisions.

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In recent weeks we have written several blogs (S&P 500 sector stock watch, Attractive stocks under $35, with potential investment opportunities, Solid S&P Value Companies, Cheapest Stocks In the S&P 500), discussing investment opportunities within the S&P 500. These stocks ideas all had favorable scores under The Applied Finance Group's (AFG’s) investment criteria, which includes economic performance, valuation, earnings quality and management’s ability to create shareholder wealth, among other criteria.

Another way that AFG identifies potentially attractive investments is through the use of its Value Expectations interface, which helps investors get a better understanding of the expectations embedded into stock prices. This interface allows us to understand the Sales Growth, EBITDA Margin, and Asset Turnover a company has to deliver in the future to justify its current trading price. In theory and in normal circumstances, if the imbedded future performance is very conservative relative to the company’s historical performance, the stock is regarded as undervalued. The table below displays the implied future Sales Growth (“Priced-in Sales Growth) of the companies we have recently recommended in our recent blogs, assuming their EBITDA Margins and Asset Turnovers stay at 5-year median levels.

Company Descriptors Sales Growth   Ebitda   Asset Turnover Exchange/Ticker Name Sector "Priced-in" Sales Growth 5 Year Median LFY   5 Year Median LFY   5 Year Median LFY (NYSE:ABT) ABBOTT LABORATORIES Health 6.32% 13.51% 13.94%   25.34% 24.83%   0.69 0.70 (NYSE:AEP)  AMERICAN ELECTRIC POWER Utilities 9.53% 4.22% 7.92%   27.14% 28.82%   0.33 0.32 (NYSE:AES)  AES CORP THE Utilities -4.73% 12.73% 18.27%   34.66% 29.23%   0.39 0.46 (NASDAQ:APOL) APOLLO GROUP INC CL A Miscellaneous -2.48% 15.31% 15.31%   28.46% 25.59%   1.71 1.69 (NYSE:AZO) AUTOZONE INC Consumer Services -8.92% 3.72% 5.72%   19.59% 19.72%   1.33 1.24 (NYSE:BIG)  BIG LOTS INC Consumer Services 15.47% 1.25% -0.24%   5.44% 6.86%   2.74 3.24 (NYSE:BMY)  BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB CO Health -1.23% -0.89% 6.46%   24.98% 22.84%   0.70 0.70 (NYSE:BSX)  BOSTON SCIENTIFIC CORP Health 5.14% 11.72% -3.67%   28.70% 27.68%   0.45 0.30 (NYSE:CAG)  CONAGRA FOODS Consumer Non Durable 23.23% 0.31% 9.70%   11.31% 10.74%   1.02 1.15 (NASDAQ:CEPH)  CEPHALON INC Health -5.73% 19.35% 11.40%   26.65% 26.37%   0.47 0.62 (NYSE:DNB) DUN & BRADSTREET CORP Consumer Services -18.53% 4.43% 7.95%   30.41% 32.09%   0.93 1.09 (NYSE:DPS)  DR PEPPER SNAPPLE GRP Consumer Non Durable 15.11% 10.36% -0.66%   20.60% 20.60%   0.55 0.66 (NYSE:DRI)  DARDEN RESTAURANTS Consumer Services -1.78% 8.38% 8.92%   13.02% 12.80%   1.80 1.44 (NASDAQ:ERTS) ELECTRONIC ARTS INC Technology 2.34% 5.81% 14.93%   10.99% -2.24%   0.69 0.90 (NYSE:FIS) FIDELITY NATIONAL INFO Consumer Services -7.42% 7.47% -27.57%   23.50% 26.76%   0.83 0.46 (NASDAQ:FISV)  FISERV INC Miscellaneous 14.41% 11.94% 20.83%   22.99% 23.53%   0.48 0.51 (NYSE:HAS)  HASBRO INC Consumer Durable 2.47% 3.01% 4.79%   16.31% 17.62%   1.00 1.27 (NYSE:HRS)  HARRIS CORP Technology -1.48% 19.14% -5.76%   15.24% 15.96%   1.13 1.12 (NYSE:KR)  KROGER CO THE Consumer Services 4.51% 7.30% 8.21%   5.31% 5.21%   3.04 3.27 (NYSE:LO)  LORILLARD INC Consumer Non Durable -5.09% 5.62% 5.92%   33.08% 32.55%   1.44 1.81 (NYSE:NOC)  NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP Capital Goods 1.10% 5.84% 5.84%   9.99% 11.63%   0.92 1.12 (NYSE:PEG)  PUBLIC SVC ENTPRS GROUP Utilities 7.72% 3.65% 3.65%   24.57% 30.23%   0.42 0.46 (NYSE:PFE)  PFIZER INC Health -4.75% -0.25% -0.25%   40.22% 32.09%   0.42 0.43 (NYSE:PM) PHILIP MORRIS INTL INC Consumer Non Durable 18.90% -10.87% -53.35%   18.26% 17.37%   1.78 0.78 (NYSE:RDC)  ROWAN COMPANIES INC Capital Goods -20.68% 38.68% 5.62%   33.16% 38.76%   0.40 0.49 (NYSE:S)  SPRINT NEXTEL CORP Technology -13.65% 18.30% -11.24%   29.59% 25.61%   0.62 0.61 (NYSE:SEE)  SEALED AIR CORP Basic Material -3.95% 7.47% 4.13%   16.64% 15.47%   0.85 0.97 (NYSE:STZ)   CONSTELLATION BRANDS INC Consumer Non Durable 23.76% 12.62% -3.14%   17.06% 16.97%   0.54 0.45 (NASDAQ:SYMC)  SYMANTEC CORP Technology 6.36% 25.49% 4.69%   30.39% 27.15%   0.37 0.58 (NYSE:TAP)  MOLSON COORS BREWING CLB Consumer Non Durable 14.61% 6.14% -22.88%   17.95% 17.83%   0.49 0.46 (NYSE:TMO)  THERMO FISHER SCIENTIFIC Health 7.08% 19.36% 7.71%   14.90% 18.20%   0.56 0.50 (NYSE:TSO)  TESORO CORPORATION Energy and Extraction -47.31% 29.18% 29.18%   6.76% 6.19%   3.04 3.81 (NYSE:VZ) VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS Technology 2.94% 5.37% 4.16%   32.18% 32.05%   0.46 0.48 (NYSE:WAT)  WATERS CORP Capital Goods 5.94% 10.53% 6.93%   28.15% 27.30%   0.80 0.97

For those Valueexpectations.com readers who consider themselves value oriented investors, we have provided a good starting list of solid value companies that look attractive as potential investment opportunities for the long term. This list is a good place to start when looking for potential companies to add to your portfolio. The Applied Finance Group (AFG) considers companies with a Market Value/Invested Capital (MV/IC) in the bottom half of the universe as value companies.

To come to our list of attractive potential value plays, We ran those companies in the bottom half of MV/IC through AFG’s buy criteria that includes Economic Margin (How profitable they are), Valuation, Management Quality (how well management is running the business) as well as other quality checks to ensure that these companies are the most likely value companies to outperform. All 10 of these companies ranked above their sector peers in expected improvement of Economic Margins and in valuation attractiveness which has proven to be a good starting point when looking to identify companies likely to outperform their benchmark.

AFG Rank within Sector Ticker Name Sector Investment Opportunity Valuation Signal EM Change Signal   (NASDAQ:CEPH)  CEPHALON INC Health Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:S) SPRINT NEXTEL CORP Technology Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:PFE)  PFIZER INC Health Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:RDC) ROWAN COMPANIES INC Capital Goods Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:PEG) PUBLIC SVC ENTPRS GROUP Utilities Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:NOC)  NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP Capital Goods Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:TAP) MOLSON COORS BREWING CLB Consumer Non Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:DPS)  DR PEPPER SNAPPLE GRP Consumer Non Durable Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:DRI) DARDEN RESTAURANTS Consumer Services Attractive Attractive Positive (NYSE:KR) KROGER CO THE Consumer Services Attractive Attractive Positive

AFG's Valuation Metric – Measures the percent to target (deviation between a stock’s current trading price and its AFG current default target price). To derive the intrinsic value of a firm, AFG uses its proprietary Valuation Model (modified discounted cash flow model).

Economic Margin - A corporate performance measurement that addresses the gaps in GAAP, eliminating distortions caused by accounting policies to measure what a company is truly earning above or below their cost of capital.

Management Quality – Assesses management’s ability to make wealth creating decisions.

Investors are always looking for an edge, a way to improve their stock selection process in the hope that it improves their overall performance. Fundamental investors may flirt with the idea of adding a technical overlay to their process while a value investor may take more of a chance on a growth company. No matter what style of investor you are, you want to be sure the process you are implementing makes sense.

Because of the volatility of the market, investors seem to be paying more attention to the technicals of the companies they hold or are considering to buy. While there are several ways technical analysts look at the momentum in the market, ValueExpectations.com will concentrate on the simple, yet widely used 50 and 200 day moving averages relative to a companies current trading price.

We, at The Applied Finance Group (AFG), believe that technicals are relevant, but it is much more important to focus on the fundamentals of a company in determining which securities are over/under valued. We have taken the S&P 500 and focused only on the stocks trading above their 50 and 200 day moving averages (44%) for those investors who pay closer attention to technicals, and provided a list of companies in most of the major economic sectors that we find attractive and some that we find unattractive based on AFG’s investment criteria, which focuses more on valuation attractiveness and expected corporate performance.

However, if you do look at momentum, a variable we would suggest concentrating on is economic momentum. AFG’s economic momentum coupled with valuation give you a tremendous advantage in outperforming!

		AFG	Rank within Sector
Ticker	Name	Investment Opportunity	Valuation Signal	EM Change Signal
Capital Goods - Attractive
(NYSE:RDC)	ROWAN COMPANIES INC	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
(NYSE:DO)	DIAMOND OFFSHRE DRILLING	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
Capital Goods - Unattractive
(NYSE:SWK)	STANLEY WORKS THE	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
(NYSE:LEN)	LENNAR CORP CL A	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
Consumer Durable - Attractive
(NYSE:OI)	OWENS ILLINOIS INC	Attractive	Neutral	Positive
(NYSE:XRX)	XEROX CORP	Attractive	Attractive	Neutral
Consumer Durable - Unattractive
(NYSE:IGT)	INTERNAT GAME TECHNOLOGY	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
(NYSE:HAR)	HARMAN INTERNAT IND INC	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
Consumer NonDurable - Attractive
(NYSE:LO)	LORILLARD INC	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
(NYSE:CL)	COLGATE-PALMOLIVE CO	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
Consumer NonDurable - Unattractive
(NYSE:RL)	POLO RALPH LAUREN CORP	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
(NYSE:HNZ)	H.J. HEINZ CO	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
Consumer Services - Attractive
(NYSE:DRI)	DARDEN RESTAURANTS	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
(NYSE:EFX)	EQUIFAX INC	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
Consumer Services - Unattractive
(NYSE:HOT)	STARWOOD HTLS & RSRTS WW	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
(NYSE:CBS)	CBS CORP CL B	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
Health - Attractive
(NASDAQ:BIIB)	BIOGEN IDEC INC	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
(NYSE:PFE)	PFIZER INC	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
Health - Unattractive
(NASDAQ:MYL)	MYLAN INC	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
(NASDAQ:ISRG)	INTUITIVE SURGICAL INC	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
Technology - Attractive
(NASDAQ:SYMC)	SYMANTEC CORP	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
(NYSE:HRS)	HARRIS CORP	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
Technology - Unattractive
(NASDAQ:LLTC)	LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORP	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
(NASDAQ:CIEN)	CIENA CORP	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
Utilities - Attractive
(NYSE:PEG)	PUBLIC SVC ENTPRS GROUP	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
(NYSE:D)	DOMINION RESOURCES VA	Attractive	Attractive	Positive
Utilities - Unattractive
(NYSE:NI)	NISOURCE INC	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative
(NYSE:NU)	NORTHEAST UTILITIES	Unattractive	Unattractive	Negative

 

Sectors without adequate representation were excluded (Financials, Basic Material, Transportation)

The Applied Finance Group’s (AFG’s) Economic Margin (EM) methodology helps investors understand what a company earns above its true cost of capital or how profitable a firm is. Companies expected to improve their Economic Margins have proven to be more likely to outperform than companies with expected EM declines. The table below provides 10 stocks expected to improve their Economic Margins in the next fiscal year and look attractive from a valuation perspective according to AFG’s valuation model. All 10 of these firms also currently have a default buy recommendation and look to have considerable long-term upside.

S&P 500 - Stocks to Watch (ex. Financials)

 

AFG's default valuation is a great place to start when looking for potential equity investments as our valuation techniques have proven successful through time at identifying mispriced securities and helping our clients identify investment opportunities resulting in outperforming their chosen benchmark.

AFG's Valuation Model – Using AFG’s modified discounted cash flow model to measure the intrinsic value of a firm compared to its peers. AFG's Value Score - A score which represents the ranked percent to target (deviation between stock’s current trading price and AFG’s current default target price) or attractiveness (upside) relative to the universe. A Value Score of 100 is the most undervalued and 0 is the most overvalued company in the universe.

Below is a summary of 22 AFG Buy Recommendations from the S&P500 Index. The report highlights the 2 companies from each sector (ex. financials) that have the most attractive value score and are currently rated Buys by The Applied Finance Group, Ltd. (AFG). Factors used to derive a AFG’s recommendation include: Expected change in Economic Margins, Intrinsic Value, and Management Quality.

We also ran a VE analysis and provided the results. The VE analysis of each company is used to identify implied sales growth expectations versus what the company has delivered historically in sales growth over the past 5 years. Measuring the spread between a company’s VE sales growth expectations and what it has historically delivered should give you a good idea of which companies have the best chance of meeting or exceeding those expectations, and thus are more likely to outperform.

 

 Cheapest Companies In The S&P 500 By Sector (ex. Financials)

 

 Click Here, to see results of our portfolio performance using AFG's Buy/Sell criteria

A brief description of AFG's buy criteria variables is below:

• Economic Margin - A corporate performance measurement that addresses the gaps in GAAP, eliminating distortions caused by accounting policies to measure what a company is truly earning above or below their cost of capital.

• Valuation Model – Using AFG’s modified discounted cash flow model to measure the intrinsic value of a firm compared to its peers.

• Management Quality – Assess management’s ability to make wealth creating decisions.

 Applied Finance Group’s (AFG’s) Value Score defined - A score which represents the ranked percent to target (deviation between stock’s current trading price and AFG’s current default target price) or attractiveness (upside) relative to the universe. A Value Score of 100 is the most undervalued and 0 is the most overvalued company in the universe.

VE Sales Growth - AFG’s Value Expectations allows us to understand the Sales Growth, EBITDA Margin, and Asset Turnover a company has to deliver in the future to justify its current trading price. In theory, if the imbedded future performance is very conservative relative to the company’s historical performance, the stock is regarded as undervalued. The VE Sales Growth displays the implied future Sales Growth of the company assuming their EBITDA Margins and Asset Turnovers stay at the 5 year historic median levels.